MOUNT ARGOPURO (AKA ARGAPURA)

Argapura mountain is a mountain located on the island of Java, Indonesia. Mount Argapura have as high an altitude 3088 meters. The mountain is often called the Argopuro. Argapura mountain is an extinct volcano that is no longer active.

The mountain is part of the Mountains Iyang located in Probolinggo district, East Java. Be in a position between Mount Semeru and Mount roar. There are several peaks that are owned by the mountain. Well-known peak called Peak Rengganis / mountain Welirang (topografichen Dienst 1928). While the highest peak is located at a distance of ± 200 m in the south peak Rengganis. The highest peak is named Argapoera and marked by a monument height (triangulation).

Argapura mountain hill dipterocarp forests have, dipterocarp forests Upper Montane forest, and forest Ericaceous or mountain forests.

Argopuro mountain is famous for its impression of mystery. Unlike other mountains, climb a mountain when we will be faced with a path that stretches from the mountainous waist kepegunungan another one, climbers will not immediately see the summit of Mount Argopuro (main pucak) and Rengganis peak (peak gpopular Palin visited by climbers) . Argopuro mountain plateau surrounded by mountains. Mountain climbing is necessary physical and mental strength is good, because of field conditions that test the patience of savanna stretching and physical every pendaki.Akan but if you're lucky, you can betemu with quite a bit of peacock population in the mountain. and the water supply, do not be afraid because there are many sources of water.

Route to Mount Argopuro there are two main pathways commonly used by hikers, the first is through Baderan, or through the village of Besuki Bremi, Probolinggo. But climbers generally use an Bremi, Probolinggo to Baderan Situbondo. Some of the reasons is the path closer to the summit, also if you all want to climb a rally in the nearby mountains, commonly called Gorajen (Argopuro, roar and Ijen).

MOUNT SEMERU

Mount semeru is located in small village called lumajang. Mount semeru is the higest mountain in java, with peak Mahameru 3676 meters above sea level (masl). there are craters on top of mahameru called jonggring saloko. Mahameru is a tourist attraction that is quite challenging for the hikers. not only challenging, Mahameru has beautiful scenery and amazing scenery. 

The mountain is included in the area of ​​Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park. The park consists of mountains and valley area of ​​50273.3 hectares. There are several mountains inside the caldera Gn.Tengger among others; Gn.Bromo (2.392m) Gn. Shell (2.470m) Gn.Kursi (2.581 m) Gn.Watangan (2.662m) Gn.Widodaren (2.650m). There are four lakes (ranu): Ranu Pani, Ranu Regulo, and Ranu Ranu Kumbolo Darungan.

Flora is located in the region of Mount Semeru, but many diverse types dominated by spruce, acacia, pine, and the type Jamuju. As for the plants under dominated by Kirinyuh, reeds, tembelekan, harendong and white Edelwiss, Edelwiss that is widely available on the slopes to the peak of Sumeru. And also found some endemic orchid species that live around the South Semeru.

Many of the fauna that inhabit the mountain Sumeru, among others: a panther, monkey, mongoose, antelope, deer, etc.. While in there Kumbolo Ranu surviving wild grouse.  

MOUNT (CRATER) IJEN

Ijen Crater is a famous tourist attraction, which has been recognized by domestic and foreign tourists for its natural beauty. Tourism Regions included in the crater Park Nature Reserve with an area of ​​2560 hectares Ijen, including 92 hectares of forest area attractions. Mount Ijen volcano itself is still active. Located on a row of volcanoes in eastern Java island, located in the district and Bondowoso Banyuwangi.

Ijen crater at an altitude of 2386 m.dpl, is the largest island of Java crater lake, crater-shaped ellipse with a size of approximately 960 x 600 m to the lake water surface elevation of approximately 2140 m.dpl lake with a depth of approximately 200 m, and is terasam lake in the world with a ph of 0.5. Sulfatara sulfur craters in the deep. Its depth is 200 m. and contains approximately 36 million cubic meters of acidic water steaming, sulfur-smelling mist shrouded spinning top.


There are mining sites that became another major uniqueness of the crater tour in addition to the beauty of the panorama that was there. Taking place at the bottom of the crater contained sulfur, parallel to the surface of the lake. Thick white smoke always comes out through the iron pipe which is connected to the source of sulfur. From this bright red fumaroles melt melted out and exposed to ice cold air, forming a bright yellow solid sulfur. Rock sulfur is to be taken.

Mining of sulfur here still wear the traditional way in which the transportation borne by human power. Traditional mining is said only in Indonesia, namely in Welirang and Ijen. Expenses are transported each miner can weigh 85kg. The burden is especially great weight that must be transported through the caldera wall is so steep down the mountain as far as 3km.

Ijen Volcanic eruptions in recorded history occurred only four times, namely 1796, 1817, 1913, and 1936. Mount Ijen increased activity also occurred in 1918, 1921, 1923, 1927, 1929, 1933, 1941. In 1952 with a high smoke eruption about 1000 feet from the top, but there were no casualties.

MOUNT TANGKUBAN PERAHU

Mount or Mount Tangkuban Tangkuban Parahu Boat is one of the mountain located in the province of West Java, Indonesia. About 20 km to the north of the city of Bandung, with a lush carpet of pine trees and tea plantations in the surrounding mountains as high as Tangkuban Parahu has 2084 meters altitude. These mountains form the center of the eruption is Stratovulcano that moves from east to west. Rock types are mostly issued by the eruption of lava and sulfur, sulfur minerals released are sulfur, minerals that are released when the mountain is not active sulfur vapor. Tangkuban Boat Mountain area is managed by the Forestry Housing. Daily average temperature is 17oC during the day and 2 ° C at night.

The origins of Mount Tangkuban Parahu Sangkuriang associated with the legend, narrated in love with his mother, Dayang Sumbi. To thwart the intention of marrying his son, Dayang Sumbi Sangkuriang stipulating that makes the boat overnight. When his efforts failed, Sangkuriang angry and kicked the boat, so it landed upside down in the state. The boat is then formed Mount Tangkuban Parahu.

Mount Tangkuban Parahu include an active volcano whose status is being watched by the Directorate of Volcanology and Indonesia. Some of the crater is still showing signs of activity of this mountain. Among these signs is the appearance of volcanic gas sulfur and hot springs at the foot of his mountain of them are in kasawan Ciater, Subang. 

The existence of this mountain and the form of a Bandung basin topography with hills and mountains on each side to strengthen the theory of the existence of a lake (crater) is now a major area of ​​Bandung. Is believed by geologists that the highlands Bandung with a height of approximately 709 m above sea level are the remnants of ancient volcanoes known as Mount Sunda, and Mount Tangkuban Parahu a remnant of an ancient Mount Sunda still active. This phenomenon can be seen on Mount Krakatau in the Sunda Strait and the Ngorongoro in Tanzania, Africa. So the legend that is the story of the people Sangkuriang region is believed to be a documentation of the ancient Sunda Mountain area at the time of the event.

MOUNT KRAKATAU

Krakatoa is a volcanic island that is still active and located in the Sunda Strait between Java and Sumatra. This name was never pinned on a volcanic peak there (Mount Krakatau) which vanish because of eruptions themselves on 26-27 August 1883. The eruption was so powerful; hot clouds and the resulting tsunami killed about 36,000 people. Until before the date of December 26, 2004, this is a terdahsyat tsunami in the Indian Ocean region. Explosion sound was heard up in Alice Springs, Australia and the island of Rodrigues near Africa, 4653 miles. Yield is estimated at 30,000 times the atomic bomb that was detonated on Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II.

The eruption of Krakatoa caused global climate change. The world was dark for two and a half days due to volcanic ash that covered the atmosphere. The sun shines dim until next year. Scattering dust visible in the sky Norway to New York.

The explosion of Krakatoa is actually less than the eruption of Mount Toba and Tambora in Indonesia, Mount Tanpo in New Zealand and Mount Katmal in Alaska. However, the erupting mountains far in the human population is still very little. Meanwhile, when Krakatoa erupted, the human population is dense enough, science and technology has evolved, the telegraph was invented, and submarine cable has been installed. Thus it can be said that while information technology is growing and growing rapidly.

Noted that the eruption of Krakatoa was the first major disaster in the world after the invention of the submarine telegraph. Progress, unfortunately has not been matched by progress in the field of geology. The geologist was not even able to give an explanation of the eruption

Began in 1927 or about 40 years after the eruption of Mount Krakatoa, a volcano that emerged known as Anak Krakatau caldera of the ancient region that is still active and still growing in height. High growth rate of about 20 inches per month. Each year it becomes more about 20 feet high and 40 feet wider. Other records mention the additional height of about 4 cm per year and if it is calculated, then within 25 years the addition of high-achieving children Rakata 7500 inches or 500 feet higher than the previous 25 years. The cause of the high mountain was caused by the material that comes out of the new mountain belly. Anak Krakatau current altitude reaches about 230 meters above sea level, while the height of Mount Krakatau previous 813 meters above sea level.By Simon Winchester, though what happens in the life of Krakatau which used to be very scary realities of geological, seismic and tectonic in Java and Sumatra strange will ensure that what used to happen at some point will occur again. No one knows exactly when Anak Krakatau will erupt. Some geologists predict this eruption will occur between 2015-2083. However, the effect of the earthquake in the Indian Ocean base at December 26, 2004 also can not be ignored.Anak Krakatau, February 2008

According to Professor Ueda Nakayama one Japanese national vulcanologist, Anak Krakatau is still active despite the relatively safe and often there is a small eruption, there are only certain times of the tourists are prohibited from approaching the area because of the danger that spewed lava of this volcano. Other experts claim there is no plausible theory of Anak Krakatau to be re-erupt. Even if there are anymore or at least three centuries after 2325 AD But clearly, the number of victims affected more powerful than the previous eruption. Anak Krakatau is currently in general by the people known as "Krakatoa" is also, though in fact is a new mountain that grew after the previous eruption.

MOUNT MERAPI

Merapi (peak height of 2968 m above sea level, as of 2006) is a volcano in the central part of Java Island and is one of the most active volcanoes in Indonesia. Slopes of the south side are in administration Sleman, Yogyakarta Special Region, and the rest are in the region of Central Java Province, which is on the west side of Magelang regency, Boyolali District on the north and east, and Klaten on the southeastern side. Forest area around the peak became Mount Merapi National Park area since 2004.

The mountain is very dangerous because, according to modern records have erupted (peak activity) every two to five years and is surrounded by very dense settlements. Since 1548, this mountain has erupted many as 68 kali.Kota Magelang and the city of Yogyakarta is the nearest large city, is under 30 miles from its peak. On the slopes there is still a settlement to a height of 1700 m and is just four kilometers from the summit. Because of this interest rate, Merapi became one of sixteen volcanoes of the world are included in Decade Volcano projects (Decade Volcanoes).

Mount Merapi is the object of a popular climb. because this mountain is a mountain that is very charming. The most common route is through the side and near north of Selo, Boyolali regency, Central Java, precisely in the Village Tlogolele. The village is located between Mount Merapi and Mount Merbabu. Climbing through Selo take about five hours to the summit.

Another popular path is through Kaliurang, District Pakem, Sleman, Yogyakarta on the southern side. This path is more steep and takes about 6-7 hours to the summit. Another alternative pathway is through the northwestern side, starting from Sawangan, Magelang regency, Central Java and through the southeast side, from the direction of Deles, District Kemalang, Klaten regency, Central Java.

 

MOUNT RINJANI

Mount Rinjani is a mountain located on the island of Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Mountain which is the second highest volcano in Indonesia with a height of 3726 m above sea level and lies in cross 8 º 25 'LS and 116 º 28' BT is a favorite mountain for climbers in Indonesia cause this mountain have a beautiful scenery. This mountain is part of the Mount Rinjani National Park which has an area of about 41,330 ha and this will be proposed the addition to be 76 000 ha to the west and east.

Administratively, the mountain is located in the territory of three districts: East Lombok, Central Lombok and West Lombok.

In the west cone Rinjani there is a caldera with an area of ​​approximately 3500 m × 4800 m, extends west to the east you. In this caldera There was Segara Anak (segara = sea, lake) area of ​​11 million sq m with a depth of 230 m. The water that flows from this lake formed a very beautiful waterfall, flowing through a steep ravine. In Segara Anak there are many carp and tilapia so often used for fishing. The southern part of this lake called Segara Endut.

On the east side of the caldera there is a Baru Mountain (or Mount Barujari) which has a crater measuring 170m × 200 m with a height of 2296-2376 m above sea level. In addition to Mount Barujari there are other craters has erupted, called Mount Rombongan.

MOUNT BROMO

Mount Bromo (from Sanskrit / Old Javanese: Brahma, one of the main Hindu Gods), is a mountain that still have an active volcano and best known as a tourist attraction in East Java. As a tourist attraction, Mount Bromo become attractive because of its status as the volcano is still active.

Bromo has a height of 2392 meters above sea level is located in four regions, namely Probolinggo, Pasuruan, Lumajang, and Malang Regency. Mount Bromo mesh body shape between the valleys and canyons with a caldera or a sea of ​​sand covering approximately 10 square kilometers.

Mount Bromo has a crater with a diameter of ± 800 meters (north-south) and ± 600 meters (east-west). While the danger area of a circle with a radius of 4 km from the central crater of Bromo.

For residents of Bromo Tengger tribe, Mount Brahma (Bromo) believed to be a sacred mountain. Once a year the community held a ceremony Tengger Kasada or Kasodo. This ceremony is held at a temple located at the foot of Mount Bromo and proceed north to the top of Mount Bromo. The ceremony was held at midnight to early morning every full moon around 14 or 15 in Kasodo (tenth) according to the Javanese calendar.